Few campsites feel as satisfying as one near a mountain lake. Morning mist on still water, the sound of wind in the pines, and a sunset that turns granite peaks pink. From large, accessible lakes with developed campgrounds to small alpine tarns reachable only on foot, the western mountains are full of them.
Water brings extra considerations, though: cold, wind, bugs, wildlife and the fragile ground near shorelines. This guide covers them.
Types of lakeside camps
Developed lakeside campgrounds
Larger lakes and reservoirs often have campgrounds with boat ramps, swimming areas and amenities. They can be very popular in summer, so reservations are often the best approach for weekends. These suit families and anyone bringing boats or paddleboards.
Walk-in and backcountry lakes
Smaller lakes reached by trail are quieter and wilder. Many lie in designated wilderness, where permits and regulations apply. These suit backpackers and day hikers who want an overnight in a special place. See backpacking trips for more on permits and gear.
Choosing the right lake for your trip
Western lakes vary enormously, and matching the lake to the group makes a big difference:
- Large, lower-elevation lakes and reservoirs tend to be warmer, easier to reach and better for swimming, boating and families, though they are often busier and windier in the afternoon.
- Mid-elevation forest lakes offer shade, cooler nights and a quieter atmosphere, often with developed campgrounds nearby.
- High alpine lakes are spectacular and quiet, but the water stays cold, the nights are near freezing and access usually means hiking.
Water levels also change through the season. Reservoirs can drop significantly by late summer, leaving long walks across exposed shoreline, while snowmelt lakes are fullest in early summer. Recent trip reports and the managing agency can tell you what to expect.
How far from the water?
It is tempting to pitch right on the shore. Resist it. Leave No Trace guidance, and many wilderness regulations, call for camping at least 200 feet from lakes and streams, which is about 70 adult steps. There are good reasons:
- Protecting shorelines. Lakeshore vegetation is fragile and slow to recover.
- Protecting water quality. Soap, food scraps and waste wash into the water.
- Sharing access. Wildlife and other visitors need to reach the water too.
- Comfort. Cold air and condensation collect near water at night, and mosquitoes are thickest at the edge.
In developed campgrounds, use the designated site and tent pad.
Cold water safety
Sierra and high-country lakes are fed by snowmelt and stay cold well into summer. Even on a hot day, sudden immersion can cause cold shock: involuntary gasping and rapid breathing that make swimming difficult. Basic precautions:
- Enter cold water gradually, never by diving into unknown depths.
- Wear a life jacket when paddling or boating, and stay near shore.
- Supervise children closely at all times near water.
- Watch for afternoon wind, which can build quickly on open water and make returning to shore difficult.
Mosquitoes and timing
Early summer, as snow melts and meadows stay wet, often brings the peak of mosquito season at mountain lakes. Later in the summer, numbers usually drop. Plan for them with:
- Long, lightweight sleeves and pants in light colors.
- A head net for evenings at high lakes.
- An insect repellent you are comfortable with.
- A camp set back from water, ideally on a breezy rise.
Wind and weather
Lakes create their own breezes. Afternoon wind often blows up-canyon and across the water, and thunderstorms can build over high basins in summer. Pitch your tent in the shelter of trees or rocks, stake it fully, and keep loose items secured. If lightning approaches, get off the water immediately and away from exposed shorelines.
Washing and water use
Do all washing away from the lake. Carry water to your camp or a spot at least 200 feet from shore, use a small amount of biodegradable soap or none at all, and scatter strained gray water on durable ground. Strain out food particles and pack them out. Treat all lake water before drinking, no matter how clear it looks.
Fishing and regulations
Many mountain lakes support trout, and fishing is a common part of a lakeside trip. A state fishing license is usually required for anglers above a certain age, and seasons, limits and gear rules vary by water. Check the current regulations from the relevant state wildlife agency before casting.
Wildlife at the water
Lakes draw wildlife. Deer, black bears, marmots and waterfowl are common visitors. Store food properly, keep a respectful distance, and keep dogs leashed and under control. Our guide to camping with dogs covers lakeside etiquette for four-legged campers.
Lakeside with kids
Lakes are a magnet for children, which makes them wonderful family destinations and also places that require constant attention. Set clear water rules before arrival, use life jackets for young swimmers and paddlers, and pick a campground with a gentle, shallow beach. More ideas are in camping with kids.
Neighboring squares
Lakeside camping overlaps with tent camping and backpacking. For a quieter season at the same lakes, consider fall, when crowds and mosquitoes thin out and the aspens turn gold.